Can a member propose to close a meeting without a pending business motion?

A member can indeed propose to close a meeting without a pending business motion, which is why this option is the correct choice. In parliamentary procedure, particularly under the rules of organizations that follow Robert's Rules of Order or similar guidelines, the ability to move to adjourn is typically not contingent upon having a pending main motion. A member can propose to close the meeting at any time, and this motion is usually not subject to debate.

The rationale behind this is to allow for efficient meeting management. If members decide they need to end a meeting, they should have the opportunity to do so, regardless of whether there are unresolved issues or discussions still at play. This flexibility supports the notion that the membership can manage their time effectively by adjourning when they deem it appropriate.

While it’s important for meetings to address necessary business, the authority to adjourn empowers members to prioritize the meeting's effectiveness and efficiency.