In parliamentary procedures, what is a "quorum"?

A "quorum" refers to the minimum number of members that must be present in a meeting in order to conduct official business. This concept is fundamental in parliamentary procedures because it ensures that decisions are made by a representative portion of the group rather than by a few individuals. Establishing a quorum helps to uphold the integrity of the decision-making process by requiring sufficient participation from the membership.

Additionally, the specific number needed to constitute a quorum can vary depending on the bylaws of the organization or the rules of the assembly. For example, a common requirement might be a simple majority of members.

The other options relate to different aspects of parliamentary procedure. For instance, a call for enforcement of rules does not pertain to the presence of members but rather to maintaining order during a meeting. A type of motion is a formal proposal made during a meeting, and a method for closing debate refers to processes such as calling a question to end discussion. However, none of these options encapsulate the definition and significance of a quorum.